Sometimes I wish FETs had become practical before bipolar transistors. A FET is a lot more like a tube and amplifies voltages. Bipolar transistors amplify current and that makes them a bit harder to ...

It's been about 40 years since the first monolithic op amps were introduced. Those first devices, some of which are still in production, were designed exclusively in bipolar technology. Today most ...

It used to be a rite of passage to be able to do the math necessary to design various bipolar transistor amplifier configurations. This doesn’t come up as often as it used to, but it is still a good ...

In Parts 1, 2, and 3 we took a closer look at calculating “ac” gain and how to desensitize the circuit to temperature and transistor parameter variations. In part 4 we consider the effects of a ...